Which policy aimed to consolidate agriculture into large, state-controlled enterprises?

Which policy aimed to consolidate agriculture into large, state-controlled enterprises?

• A. Privatization
• B. Collectivization
• C. Nationalization
• D. Industrialization

Answer: (B)

This item tests how the state reorganized agriculture by placing control in large, centralized farming units. Collectivization involved turning individual peasant plots into large collective or state-run farms—kolkhozy and sovkhozy—where land and resources are pooled and operated under centralized planning. The goal was to boost agricultural output, ensure steady grain supplies for industrial growth, and secure state control over production and procurement, often at the expense of individual peasant autonomy and private plots. That’s why this is the best fit: it specifically describes creating large, state-controlled agricultural enterprises, rather than handing land to private owners (privatization), transferring ownership in general (nationalization), or focusing on building industry (industrialization).

This item tests how the state reorganized agriculture by placing control in large, centralized farming units. Collectivization involved turning individual peasant plots into large collective or state-run farms—kolkhozy and sovkhozy—where land and resources are pooled and operated under centralized planning. The goal was to boost agricultural output, ensure steady grain supplies for industrial growth, and secure state control over production and procurement, often at the expense of individual peasant autonomy and private plots.

That’s why this is the best fit: it specifically describes creating large, state-controlled agricultural enterprises, rather than handing land to private owners (privatization), transferring ownership in general (nationalization), or focusing on building industry (industrialization).